May 16 – World Celiac Day
World Celiac Day is an important opportunity to raise awareness about an autoimmune disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Celiac disease often remains undiagnosed for years, as its symptoms can vary from person to person.
Proper diagnosis and timely treatment can significantly improve patients’ quality of life.
What is Celiac Disease?
Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder caused by the consumption of gluten. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.
When a person with celiac disease consumes gluten, the immune system attacks the small intestine, causing inflammation and damage to the intestinal villi. This results in reduced absorption of nutrients, vitamins, and minerals.
What are the symptoms of celiac disease?
Symptoms can appear in both children and adults and vary significantly.
Common symptoms:
* Bloating
* Abdominal pain
* Diarrhea or constipation
* Chronic fatigue
* Weight loss
* Anemia
* Nausea
* Headaches
Other possible symptoms:
* Skin rashes
* Osteopenia or osteoporosis
* Delayed growth in children
* Mood disorders
* Iron deficiency
In some cases, celiac disease may not present obvious symptoms, which makes diagnosis difficult.
How is it diagnosed?
Celiac disease is usually diagnosed through:
* Blood tests
* Specialized antibodies
* Gastroscopy and small intestine biopsy
It is important not to remove gluten from the diet before the tests are completed, as this may alter the results.
What is the treatment?
The only effective treatment for celiac disease is a strict gluten-free diet for life.
This means avoiding foods that contain:
* Wheat
* Barley
* Rye
* Products with traces of gluten
Today there are many gluten free options that allow patients to follow a balanced and safe diet.
The importance of awareness
Raising awareness about celiac disease helps with early diagnosis, reduces complications, and improves the daily life of people living with the condition.
World Celiac Day reminds us of the importance of prevention, proper nutritional education, and patient support.
Sources
* Celiac Disease Foundation(!)
* Mayo Clinic – Celiac Disease(!)
* NHS – Coeliac Disease(!)
* World Gastroenterology Organisation(!)
