May 25th is dedicated to World Thyroid Day, a day of information and awareness about thyroid gland disorders, which affect millions of people worldwide. Although the thyroid is a small gland at the base of the neck, it plays a decisive role in the function of the entire body.
The thyroid regulates metabolism, energy, body temperature, heart function, and also mood. When it does not work properly, quality of life can be significantly affected.
Most common thyroid disorders
The best-known thyroid disorders are:
* Hypothyroidism
* Hyperthyroidism
* Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
* Thyroid nodules
* Goiter
* Thyroid cancer
Women experience thyroid problems more frequently, particularly after pregnancy or during menopause, though this does not mean that men and children are not affected.
Symptoms we should not ignore
Symptoms are often mild or confused with other conditions, with the result that many people remain undiagnosed for a long period of time.
Possible symptoms of hypothyroidism:
* Intense fatigue
* Weight gain
* Dry skin
* Hair loss
* Drowsiness
* Depression or low mood
Possible symptoms of hyperthyroidism:
* Tachycardia
* Weight loss
* Nervousness
* Sweating
* Insomnia
* Trembling in the hands
The importance of prevention
Early diagnosis can prevent complications and help with the proper treatment of thyroid disorders. A simple blood test for TSH, FT3 and FT4, combined with clinical evaluation and thyroid ultrasound where needed, can provide important information about the gland’s function.
Preventive screening is considered particularly important for people with:
* A family history of thyroid disease
* Autoimmune diseases
* Persistent fatigue
* Unexplained weight changes
* Fertility problems
Living well with a thyroid disorder
With appropriate medical monitoring and treatment, most patients can have a normal and good quality of life. Correct intake of medication, a balanced diet and regular check-ups are basic elements for maintaining health.
World Thyroid Day reminds us of the importance of information, prevention and early diagnosis. Caring for the thyroid is essential for our overall health and well-being.
Sources
* American Thyroid Association
* World Health Organization (WHO)
* Mayo Clinic – Thyroid Disease
